Rotating boiler



Oct. 11, l9`32. J. v. BLoMQUlsT ROTATING BOILER Filed Feb. 6, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 ...TMP

Ot. 1l, 1932. .1. v. BLoMQUlsT ROTATING BOILER 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6. 1928 @uns .lllllllliI IIIIIIII Ill. tlxrlflllll IIIIIIII n f. f $7. h

J. V. BLOMQUIST ROTATING BOILER Filed Feb. 6. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 J. V. BLOMQUIST ROTATING BOILER Oct. ll, 1932.

Filed Feb. 6, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 FLY! l i i I OC. 1932. J, V, BLOMQUlsT 1,882,379

ROTATING BOILER Filed Feb.'6. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 f//B/omyu/'S Patented Oct. 1l, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT oFElcE- ATMOS, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ,A CORPORATION OF SWEDEN y JOHAN VIKTOR BLOMQUIST, OF STOCKHOLM,v SWEDEN',` ASSIGNOR TO AKTIEBOLAGET BOTATING BOILER Application led February 6, 1928, Serial No. 252,332, and in Sweden February 16, 1927.`

Rotating ste am generators consistingof one or more rotary receptacles partly filled with water have already been proposed, such boilers being built into the furnace and adapted to be used for very high steam pressures', for instance about 100 atmospheres. In this construction it is of course important that these receptaclesare given as large a diameter as possible, but in proportion as the diameter is increased the thickness of shell must be heavier and thus the heat tension in the material will be increased. This is the reason why the outside diameter'cannot be larger than 12 inches to 14 inches at a steam pressure of 100 atmospheres, and thus it will be necessary to provide a relatively large number of receptacles in the furnace if great quantities of steam are to be produced in a unit.

According to the invention this inconvenience is eliminated by the boiler construction, referred to int-he followingdescription,which consists of a number of tubes arranged in the furnace around a common axis.` These tubes are fastened at their ends into end sections having the shape of annular recepta-` cles, into which the fed water is introduced in order to be carried therefrom into the steam generating tubes, as the latter during f carried to the place of consumption after having passed through a superheater, if so desired. As soon as the tubes pass below the predetermined water level the steam leaving them must overcome the resistance of the water columns in the annular end sections', and thus it is evident that also the flow of the water into the pipes will be impeded by the steam flowing out in such a way that the resulting water level in the annular end sections in reality will not represent the effective pressure head. By further developments of the present invention this disadvantage will also be removed by conducting the steam from the boiler tubes through smaller tubes associated withthe larger ones inl such a way that the water mayijlow freely into the boiler tubes around these smaller tubes and. simul-A taneously the steam` pass freely from the boiler tubes, with the result that the whole Water heads in the end sections will form effective pressure heads for introducing the feed water into the boiler tubes.l Otherobjects of the invention will be clearly understood from the following detailed description o f the same.y

The invention is clearly illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in whichl Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection through a steam generator according to the invention,` Figure 2 is a cross section through thel Same i Figure 3 isa longitudinal section through one of the end sections in a further development of the steam ure 1,

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectionl through another embodiment of the invention,-

'Figure 5 is a cross section through. a moditied `form' of the construction shown in Figf' ure 4,l

Figure 6l is a partial longitudinal section through a modified form of the embodiment shown in Figure 4,v

Figure 7 shows a partial view in cross section and elevationof.- another method of feed-` inthe water, p v

igure 8 shows another modifcationwin cross section of the device shown in Figure 1,

Figure 9 isla modification shown in cross sectim of the stuing box disclosed in Fig.- ure Figure 10 is a longitudinal section of a boiler according to the apparatus shown'in- Figure 4: and showing the general arrangement of a preheater, revolving steam gener-fv ator and superheater, Y

Figure 11 is a cross section ofthe arrange,- ment shownin Figure 10, andl c Figure 12 is still` another modication of the device shown incross section.

Referring to the drawings in which similar reference characters indicatelike parts in the various views,fthe steam generator as shownAV particularly in Figures l and 2 consists 'of ibi a number of boiler tubes 1 of relatively small diameter arranged around one common axis. One concentric group of tubes is shown in the drawings but of course the boiler may also consist of two or more groups of tubes arranged concentrically in relation to each other. 'i The set of tubes or the rotor is placed in the furnace and a superheater as well as a preheater may be arranged above the boiler proper; VThe feed water is preferably preheated in the feed water heater by means of the fuel gases flowing from the rotor at a temperature corresponding to the boiling point at the ksteam pressure existing in the boiler, and in such condition the water flows through the pipe 2, a hollow ournal 3 and the 'distributing pipes 4c to the receptacle 5 from whichjthe water during the rotation of the boileris gradually `distributed into the tubes 1 in vwhich the generation of the steam and, as the case may be, the preheating of the feed water takes place.v The steam generated in the tubes 1 passes into the annular receivingchamber 6 and from said chamber through some of the rotor tubes 1 and pipes l to the journal 3 from which it iscarried to the place of consumption through the pipe 7. ',The rotor tubes 1 have a smaller diameter at their ends than throughout their length. In this way pockets are formed in the tubes 1 in which a certain quantity of water is always confined. During each revo-v lution'- of the rotor the body of water therein will be correspondingly displaced in the tubes in such a way that the tubes are always cooled effectively. The rotor is driven inany known way asv for instance by means of a pulley 8 and a belt. y

- The embodiments ofthe invention shown in Figures 3 to 9 inclusive are/best explained by referring to their mode of operation, es?

pecially Vas the details may vary in different ways within the limits of the invention.

According to Figure 3 the feed water, preheated or not, iiows through a central, preferably stationarypipeQ and further through, the radially arranged pipes 9-into the end section 10` forming an annular receiving chamber. and, from this chamber it passes successively to the different rotor tubes 6 as'these, during the rotation of the rsteam generating rotor, are travelling below the water level as for example in the instance of the lower tube 6. The steam generated in the rotor tubes 6 passes out through the smaller tubes 11 which are centrally arranged in the rotor tubes and project into the latter a suitable distance. These tubes 11 extend through the annular vend receptacle 10 anddischarge into the hollow journal 14 surrounding the feed water pipe 2.

'In the embodiment ofthe invention shown in Figuresll and 'the feed water is carried through the conduits 1l and the central pipe 2 into the chamber 3 from where it flows through the pipe 4 into a receiving chamber 5 which is j ournalled, together with the set of pipes 6 in bearings 7 and rotated for instance by means of the belt pulley 8. rlhe receptacle 5 is partially filled with the feed water and delivers such water through the radially arranged pipes 9 to the annular end receptacle 1G from which it is distributed to the steam generating tubes `6 during the rotation of the steam generator in the-manner mentioned above. lf the number of pipes 9 corresponds to the number of tubes 6 the en 'l section 10 may also be carried out without any annular receiving chamber and only con sist of a solid ring provided with cavities opposite the ends of the tubes 6 (see Figure 5). The pipes 9 are then fitted into these cavities. As shown in Figure li, the pipes 9 open into the end section 10 or the cavities shown in Figure 5 in such a way that the tubes 6 during 'the rotation of the steam generator' will never be entirely emptied, so that the same resultl is secured as by the above mentioned restrictions placed at the ends of the tubes 1. If, during a.V revolution, more water is fed into the tubes 6 than the quantity th at can be evaporated during the cycle of revolution, the surplus is carried back through the pipes 9 to the central receptacle 5 as soon as the orifices of the latter pipes arrive above the water levelinthe receptacle 5. The pipes 9 open into the receptacle 5 at a suitable distance from the inner distance of the shoulde-r of the latter, that is` they extend radially a certain distance into the receptacle.

The steam generator with the receptacle 5 and the se't of-'tubes 6k is journalled in a collar thrust bearing 2O at one end in such a way that it can not slide axially at this place while the opposite end of the generator is allowed to slide axially. rlhe bearing 20 may of course be substituted by a ball thrust bearing. A set of arms or spokes 21 is fastened to thejournal 23 of the receptacle 5 and at the circumference provided with heads 22 carrying the tubes 6 in such a way that the latter are allowed to slide longitudinally. In this way the 'tubes 6 are able to-expand freely when heated independently of the ezipansion of the receptacle 5.

The steam' generated in the tubes 6 flows through the pipes 11 to a chamber 1Q from said chamber through the openinl.. into a piperlll and through the conduit 'l to the place of consumption. A pipe 14 does not rotate but rests at one end in the wall o? the chamber 12.; At its opposite end the pine 14 communicates with the conduit l5, the pipe resting` in a stuffing box 16, which pre vents the water from the conduit 1iL passing onto the conduit 15 and there mixing with the steam. The packing material in the stuff@ ing box 16 is kept in its place by means of an apertured bushing 19 and a cover 18 which also compresses the packing 17 thus prevent-i Elli-f.

ing the steaml in the conduit 15 from escaping to the atmosphere. The opposite end o-f the pipe 14 opens into the receptacle 5 in order to carry olf also the steam generated therein.

Also in this embodiment of the invention steam may be drawn off from the tubes 6 at the opposite side by means of pipes corresponding to the pipes 11. Also in this case Jthe steam is carried through a hollow journal, but of course an extra stuing box must be used which is avoided bythe arrangement shown in the drawings.

Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the pipe arrangement for the water inlet and the steam outlet to and from the tubes 6. Here the tube 24 is placed inside of the tube 25. As these tubes rotate below the water level the water will first flow through the smaller tubes 26 into the tubes 24 and then to the tubes 6.

' The steam from the latter will then pass into the annular space between the tubes 24 and 25 where it need only overcome the resistance of the water column standing above the tube 25. By this arrangement the steam will have a free outlet for all practical purposes to the steam space in the receptacle 5. lVhen the tubes 6, during the rotation of the steam generator, arrive above the water level in the receptacle 5, the excess water will iiow back through the annular space between the tubes 24 and 25 into the receptacle 5 and the steam escapes through the tube 24. The tubes may of course also be arranged in a different way, the essential feature of the construction being that the water is allowed to flow freely into the tubes 6 and the steam to escape freely from the same.

Instead of feeding the water into the receptacle 5, it may be fed in through the hollow journal 2 to the chamber 12 and from there through the pipes 11 directly into the tubes 6, as shown in Figure 7. The steam passes from the tube 6 through the pipes 9 to the receptacle 5 from where it escapes I through the pipes 14 to the superheater (see Figures 10 and 11).

The main object of the receptacle 5 is to form a water reservoir for controlling the quantity of water introduced into the steam generator according to the position of the water level in the same.

Figure 8 shows a modification of the boiler shown in Figures 1 and 2. According to this modification the water enters through the pipes 1b and 2b into the chamber 3b. From said chamber the water is distributed through the tubes 11b into the steam generating tubes 6l?. The steam escapes from these tubes to the pipes 9b to the chamber 4b from which it is carried through the pipes 14" and 15b to the superheater.

Another modification is shown in Figure 12. According to this an annular chamber 10C is placed at each end ofthe assemblage of tubes 6c and connecting their restricted ends.

steam escapes from the tubes 6c by means of the other receptacle through the pipes 9C an the pipe 14 connected to the superheater.

In the modification shown in Figure 3 instead of feeding the water through the pipe I 2 it may be fed in through the hollow j ournal 14 and the pipes 11 into the steam generating tubes 6. In this case the steam from the tubes 6 passes through the pipes 9 and the central tube 2 into a superheater.

The steam generator may have its axis of rotation either horizontally disposed or slightly inclined.

In the rotating steam generators hitherto known the stuffing boxes used between the rotating and the non-rotating parts must be lubricated by means of oil in order to keep the packing material as soft as possible, as this material which is soaked with lubricant from the beginning will be damaged very soon at the temperatures in question so that the joint soon will be useless, if it is not lubricated; Figure 4 shows a device in which the packing instead of being iubricated by oil, is cooled by water. The water is preferably taken from the pressure pipe of the feed water pump before getting into the preheater and carried to a chamber provided around the packing through the pipe 4S. From here it passes through the lantern 49 in the direction of the arrow along theipacliing and through the openings 50 in the annular chamber between the pipes 2 and 14 and together with the feed water through the chamber 3 into the steam generator.

The cooling of the stuffing box may also be effected by cold water of a lower pressure than the boiler pressure, for instance at atmospheric pressure. Figure 9 shows such a modification of the stuing'box dis closed in Figure 4. The cooling water enters through the pipe 48 and passes around the stuihng box through the apertured bushing 49 to the inner -annular chamber 51 between the inner circumference of the stufling box and the pipe 2. From said annular chamber 51 water is carried into the open air through the opening 50.

Figures 10 and 11 show the general arrangement of a boiler plant according to the invention with preheater, revolving steam Generator and superheater. The water is 'feu in by a feed pump through the pipes 30 into the preheater 31 consisting of straight. preferably gilled tubes connected in series. From the top of the preheater the heated water enters the pipe 1a and is introduced into the steam generating tubes 6". The steam leaves the revolving` steam genera-tor through the pipes 15 and is thereby conducted to the superheater 32 from where it passes to the place of consumption by means of the pipe 33. The fuel gases pass through the spaces between the fuel generating tubes 6 circumflowing the superheater tubes 32 and over the i preheater 31 in countercurrent to the water within the latter approaching the exit chanel 34 and escaping through a smoke stack, not shown.

rlie above modifications are merely illustrative and it is understood that any modifications come within the spirit of the following claims are included in the invention.

l claim l. A slowly rotating rotary steam generator comprising a feed water chamber, a steam extracting chamber, a plurality of steam generating tubes positioned in substantially equally distant spaced relation around a common axis of rotation, means for imparting external heat to said tubes, pipes for introducing feed water from said feed water chamber into said tubes and another series of pipes connected with said tubes for withdrawing the generated steam therefrom and leading it to the steam extracting chamber.

2. A slowly rotatingrotarysteam generator comprising a journalled hollow rotor structure having a substantially horizontal axis of rotation and having feed water and steam receiving spaces, a plurality of substantially straight steam generating tubes mounted on the said rotor structure in substantially equally distant spaced relation around the axis of rotation substantially parallel to said axis, means for imparting external heat to said steam generating tubes, means for introducing feed water into and withdrawing steam from the said feed water and steam receiving spaces of thesaid hollow rotor structure during the rotation of the generator, and separate connections between each of the said steam generating tubes and the said feed water and steam receiving spaces of the hollow rotor structure for allowing separate entrance of feed water int-o and escape of generated steam from each of the said steam generating tubes when moving below a substantially horizontal level of the feed waterin the hollow rotor structure at the rotation of the generator, each of the said separate connections between each of the said steam generating tubes and the said feed water and steam receiving spaces of the rotor structure being constructed and arranged to prevent the feed water in the said steam generating tube from flowing entirely out of the said tube through said connection when moving above the feed water level in the hollow rotor structure at the rotation of the generator.

3. A slowly rotating rotary steam generator according to claim 2 in which the hollow rotor structure comprises a feed water and a steam receiving chamber extending around the axis of rotation of the generator at opposite ends thereof and interconnected by means of the steam generating'tubes, each of the said steam generating tubes having portions of reduced inner diameter at both ends communicating with the said chamber.

4. A slowly rotating rotary steam genera-l tor according to claim 2 in which the hollow rotor structure comprises a feed water and a steam receiving chamber extending around the axis of rotation of the generator at opposite ends thereof, each of the said steam gene-rating tubes having portions of reduced innerv diameter at both ends connected by means of pipes toy the said feed water and steam receiving chambers.

5. A slowly rotating rotary steam generator according to claim 2 in whichthe hollow rotor structure comprises a central receptacle for receiving feed water and steam and the steam generating tubes are mounted around the said receptacle in radially spaced relation thereto and each are connected to the steam and water spaces of the said receptacle by means of radially extending separate pipes.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JOHAN VIKTOR BLOMQUIST.. 

